Modern car more and more humanized, in order to pursue comfortable, relaxed and simple driving enjoyment, car buyers recently all happened to choose the automatic car. Ask the owners will be the correct use of automatic transmission, many people say, that is not simple, is not the parking, reversing, neutral, forward gear? In fact, as the automatic transmission is a very sophisticated assembly, a lot more complex than the manual gear, therefore, once the failure, maintenance is also very troublesome. The correct way to use the automatic transmission is:
One, automatic gear position
There are six positions, from top to bottom: P, R, N, D, 2, L.
P -- Parking. When you are not in use, the gear is here, and the wheel is in a mechanical lock state, which can prevent slipping.
R -- Reverse gear. In reverse.
N -- None. Use this gear when temporarily stopping (e.g. at a red light). Note that this gear represents a neutral position and the brakes must be applied to prevent the vehicle from sliding down the slope.
D -- forward gear, also known as drive gear. Needless to say, use this gear when you're going ahead.
2 -- on low gear, you can start on a large incline or on a more inclined incline. The principle is that the gear position can be hung here, which can limit the car's gear position to automatically switch only in the low gear position (equivalent to the first and second gear of manual gear car), so as to ensure that the car can get the maximum forward power.
L -- Low. In the mountain, or a long slope, hang gear here, can restrict automobile gear automatic only in the most cheap (the equivalent of a manual transmission vehicle), can make use of engine power when the car in the downhill braking, the driver brakes unnecessarily long time cause heating pads and danger.
OD-- OD gear is overspeed gear, which can be used when driving at high speed to save fuel. Once you understand the various gears of an autonomous car, you can enjoy driving an autonomous car.
Second, the use of automatic transmission
1. Restrict startup
When the engine is started, the automatic gearbox also limits the gear position, which is the manufacturer for safety reasons to the gearbox adjustments. Generally, the engine can only be started when the gear lever is in the position of P or N. If the gear lever is in the driving gear, such as D, R and other positions, the engine will not start. The purpose of this restriction is to prevent the car from colliding with objects in front and behind. If a rookie can't start the engine, he should check to see if he's in the wrong gear. If you are not in P or N, you should adjust before starting the car.
2. Start with N file
When you start the car, do not need to reverse the car and drive directly forward, you can first connect the power supply, step on the brake to push the gear to N, and then ignition, then hung into D gear directly forward, this can avoid in P gear after ignition, need to go through R gear, the gearbox after a reverse impact! In addition, when the engine suddenly stops running, it can quickly push the gear to N and start the engine again under the condition of ensuring safety.
3. Change into the driving gear
When the car starts to go, only by stepping on the brake pedal, the gear lever can be moved out from P block or N block, into the driving gear. Release the brake pedal and the car can move slowly. The reason to step on the brakes in advance, the purpose is also for the safety of the driver and the car. Otherwise, after the engine starts, put forward the block, the car will move, at this time if the driver reaction is not enough, it is easy to have a collision accident;
4. Freely switch gears during driving
You are free to switch gears while driving. Although these gear limits can achieve the highest gear, but as long as the gear and speed match, can switch freely;
5. Do not slide in N gear when driving
Since lubrication is required in the automatic gearbox, the oil pump cannot normally supply oil for lubrication when the gear is placed above N during driving, which will increase the temperature of the internal parts of the gearbox and cause complete damage! In addition, high-speed idling is also very dangerous, and does not save fuel. At low speed, if you slip to stop, you can be put into N gear in advance.
6. Do not push into P gear during driving
Never push into P while the car is moving, unless you don't want the car. When you need to change the driving direction, you must wait for the vehicle to stop before changing gear;
7. When the car stops, put it into reverse
Because there is a hydraulic transmission in the automatic transmission, and the liquid flow has certain inertia, can not suddenly change, so it is best to stop the car, and then hang into reverse. It is absolutely forbidden to put the gear lever into P gear before the vehicle stops completely. After parking, the key must be turned off and put into P gear. Many people used to stop and directly push to P gear and then shut off, pull the handbrake. Careful people will find that this operation, after flameout of the general vehicle due to uneven road will be a little bit before and after the move, and at this time P gear transmission has an occlusion device and gear is occlusion, then the move will cause a little impact on the gear! The correct approach should be: the car into the parking position, the brake will be pressed to shift lever to N gear, pull up the handbrake, release the foot brake and then stall, and finally push the shift lever into P gear! Of course, this also belongs to the transmission of excellence protection;
8. Manual brake must be used for parking for a long time
Long time parking does not apply to the hand brake will destroy the automatic transmission lock mechanism. P block and N block the difference also lies in, P block gearbox gear occlusion, it is not only used for parking, and will help the vehicle brake, after parking must be pushed to P gear, cut not hanging in N gear only rely on hand brake to brake! This is especially true when parking on slopes.
9. When waiting for a red light, should we use N gear or D gear
Can according to their own habits, temporarily stop stepping on the brakes on the D is no damage on the car, because the transmission torque converter is equipped with a set of reaction wheel with one-way clutch, its effect is amplified from torque of engine crankshaft, it is not under the engine idle speed of rotation, only to motive speed rises it will work. So it doesn't matter when you step on the brake and wait for the red light, it's just as well to hang on the N hand brake. Generally speaking, if you park for more than half a minute, you will hang N pull handbrake.
10. Give up D to the end
Giving up the habit of going to the end of D and using the gear correctly can completely overcome the lack of motivation. In addition to D, there are D3, 2 and 1. When driving in urban areas, if the vehicle speed cannot exceed 60km/h, it shall use a gear lower than D, which can accelerate sharply and avoid the generation of carbon deposition. When the vehicle speed exceeds 60km/h, driving in D gear will not only save fuel, but also not impair the speediness. When driving on mountain roads, it is necessary to use gear 2 or gear 1 according to the situation. In addition to maintaining strong torque output, the effect of engine brake can avoid excessive use of foot brake, which can ensure driving safety. The D gear of the automatic transmission car does not have the function of engine brake, and will constantly change to the high-speed gear with the increase of the downhill speed, making the speed faster and faster. The foot brake must be constantly used to control the speed, and it is very easy for the brake to produce high heat failure due to overuse, which is very dangerous. Therefore, in the long downhill of self-driving cars, be sure not to use D gear, just in case.
